60849196. Baron Robert Fitz Walter & 60849197. Lady Rohese ?
~1175, Robert born in England, s/o 121698392. Walter Fitz
Robert & 121698393. Maud de Lucy.
11/3/1189, Richard I crowned king of England.
~1196, Rohese born in England.
1198, Robert suceeded his father in the barony of Dunmow in
Essex, and the honor of Baynard’s Castle, the name of his house in London.
[––Robert––]
By 1199, Robert married Gunnora, widow of Durand D’Outille,
d/o Robert de Valoines, s/o 39979088. Robert de Valoynes.
5/27/1199, John crowned king of England.
1200, William fitz Simon on the panel about Robert fitz
Walter’s claim to Hertford castle.
1200, Robert and his wife Gunnora brought an assize of novel
disseisin against the abbot of St. Albans for the wood of Northawe in
Hertfordshire. (S) Secular Jurisdiction of Monasteries, Shirley, 2004, P127.
1201, Robert ended a dispute with the abbey of St. Albans,
giving the wood in exchange for land worth £10 yearly. [Robert would have
continued disputes with the abbey over the years.]
1202, King Philip of France attacked King John’s lands in
Normandy and Angiers, capturing Chateau-Gaillard and the city of Rouen. King
John sent forces commanded by William Marshall to repel the invasion.
8/28/1202, Robert appointed warden of Hertford castle.
1203, Robert given command of Chateau Vaudreuil, a key
castle protecting the fortress of Chateau Guillard and the western approach to
Rouen. (S) The Greatest Knight, Asbridge, 2014, P278.
6/1203, King Philip then laid siege to the Castle of Ruil
[Vaudreuil], which capitulated by agreement after receiving no relief from King
John. Philip imprisoned the commanders Saher de Quincy and Robert fitz Walter at
Compiegne for ransoms.
7/5/1203 at Rouen, William Marshall wrote to King John:
“Know that Robert Fitz-Walter and Saher de Quinci have returned the castle of
Valle Rodol to the King of France by our order. … enjoin that they, ald all
those who were with them in the castle, may be on that account acquitted of
blame.” (S) King John of England, Chadwick, 1865, P235.
11/21/1203, The King … ratified all that which William
d’Albini may do in sale and invasion of the lands and incomes of Robert
fitz-Walter for his redemption from the prison of the King of France. (S) King
John of England, Chadwick, 1865, P236. [William to raise Robert’s ransom from
his lands.]
1204, Robert returned to England.
9/11/1204, Robert coheir to lands in Lesnes, Kent, of his
uncle Godfrey de Lucy, bishop of Winchester, for a fine of 300 marks. (S) Magna
Carta, Holt, 1992, P165.
1205, King John opposed Pope Innocent III, asserting his
right to tax the church.
1205, Robert fitz Walter assessed 4 marks scutage for
himself and 20 marks scutage on his tenenants, which he collected himself. (S)
Studies in Taxation, Mitchell, 1914, P75.
1206, King John landed at La Rochelle and recaptured
Angiers. Robert attended the king.
10/26/1206 at Thouars, France, Robert witnessed a truce
between King John and King Philip of France.
1207, Rohese de Lucy, cousin of Robert, offered £100 for
half of the Lucy lands; ‘except those held by Robert fitz Walter.’
12/27/1207, Gunnora had livery of Burton-in-Lonsdale, which
descended to her hereditarily upon the death of Emma de Humet, widow of
Geoffrey de Valoines [who had held it in dower]. (S) Final Concords, Lancaster,
1899, P32.
1208, Robert fitz Walter and Gunnora, his wife, daughter and
heiress of Robert de Valoines, brother of Geoffrey, gave 100 marks for an
assize of mort d’ancestor of her uncle Geoffrey. (S) Record Society, V39, 1899,
P31.
9/1208, Hugh de Morewich essoined himself against Robert
fitz Walter and Gunnora his wife in a plea of land.
4/1209, Philip de Valoignes had a plea against Robert
son of Walter and Gunnora his wife concerning both the land which he
demands against them and the land which they demand against him. (S)
Northumberland Families, V2, 1968, P33.
1209, King John took Hertford castle from Robert. [Robert’s
hereditary claim was weak.] (S) King John, Morris, 2015, P206.
1210, Robert a witness to the official account written by
King John of his quarrel with William de Briouse.
6/6/1210, Robert attended King John when he launched
successful attacks in Ireland. King John launched 700 ships in the attack, and
used 10 knights as personal bodyguards. While Robert was in Ireland, the abbey
of St. Albans appointed a new prior at Binham.
1210, Robert, back in England, laid siege to the abbey and
plundered it possessions.
1210, King John and Robert in a quarrel, King John took away
Robert’s ‘Lucy’ lands.
1211, Robert had 63 knights’ fees of his own inheritance,
and 30 knights’ fees by marriage, including the lordship of Great Tey
[previously held by Richard de Lucy.]
1211, King John began to use the debts of his barons as
rationale for letters of distraint against their properties. [He was also
exhorting money from the church.]
8/30/1211, The legate Pandulf excommunicated King John in
front of an assembly of barons at Northampton. The King’s subjects were
obsolved of their oath of allegiance.
[––Robert & Rohese––]
~1211, Robert married 2nd Rohese.
7/10/1212, A great fire swept through London, on the south
side of the river, killing about 3000.
8/14/1212 at Nottingham, King John hanged 28
Welsh hostages. [Robert de Veteri Ponte had already hung a 7-year-old boy. John
also received messages telling him that he was in danger from his own barons. Robert fitz Walter (60849196) was considered one of the
prime suspects, and the threat seemed to be centered in the north of England.]
1212, Robert fitz Walter, castellan and standard-bearer of
the city of London. Robert’s lands were
confiscated by King John, his home in London demolished [Baynard’s castle], and
he fled with his family to France; his daughter Matilda made a hostage of King
John. [This is likely tied to an attempt by Robert and other nobles to betray
him; which plot was revealed to him by his daugher Joan, wife of Llewelyn the
Great of Wales.]
11/12/1212, King John gave Robert’s cousin Rohese de Lucy
half of the Lucy lands.
1213, Queen Isabella accompanied King John to Aquitaine.
1213, Robert in Normandy, during a tournament of knights
from England and France, showed great valor; and was reconciled with King John,
who gave him liberty to rebuild his home in London.
5/27/1213, The King to Robert Fitz-Walter, … We command you
that securely you may come to England, according to the form of the apostolic
mandate, because we afford peace and security to you. (S) King John of England,
Chadwick, 1865, P236.
11/1213, Robert fitz Walter by a fine of 2 palfreys obtained
the lands of Hugh de Essex at Waledun. (S) Shropshire Arch. Assoc., V2, 1879,
P30.
2/9/1214, King John and 12 of his barons sailed for Poitou.
[Many barons refused to attend the king.]
7/2/1214, Prince Louis of France victorious at the battle of
La Roche-aux-Moines against the forces of King John of England. King Philip and
King John agreed to a 6-year truce at Chinon.
10/1214, King John returned to England in defeat.
11/20/1214, Robert fitz Walter assembled a meeting of barons
where they agreed on a joint campaign against King John, and elected Robert as
their spokesman. Due to his reputation, the barons rallied around Robert and he
headed the baronial revolt as their “Marshall of the Army of God and the
Church.” (S) 3 Crises in Early English History, Alexander, 1998, P98.
4/1215, Robert assembled with 2000 knights and barons at
Stamford.
4/27/1215, Robert one of the barons meeting with King John’s
representatives at Brackley, where the 1st draft of the Magna Carta
was created. [King John sent the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Earl of
Pembroke.]
1215, Prince Louis of France was approached by a group of
English barons headed by Geoffrey de Mandeville who offered support in the
overthrow of King John of England. Prince Louis sent 140 knights to England to
make plans with his English allies.
1215, Robert appointed governor of Hereford castle.
6/19/1215, Under Robert’s command, the barons forced King
John to sign the Magna Carta. He with the other 24 barons were excommunicated.
6/1215, Within a week of the signing of the Magna Carta,
King John signed 50 acts of restoration: … Robert fitz Walter recovered
Hertford castle … (S) Magna Carta, Holt, 1992, P166.
1215, Robert Fitzwalter chosen as 1 of 25 barons as
conservators of the public liberties. (S) Edinburgh Magazine, Vs1-2, 1773, P15.
7/7/1215, Robert fitz Walter, the earl of Winchester, the
earl of Clare, the earl of Gloucester, Eustace de Vescy, Richard de Percy,
John, constable of Chester, William de Albini and William de Mowbray
excommunicated by a letter of the Pope written at Ferentino, Italy. (S) UKNA.
1215, Saire de Quincy and Robert Fitz Walter sent by the
barons to France to offer the crown to Prince Louis, the Dauphin.
1/9/1216, Earl Saire de Quncy (39979012) and Robert Fitz
Walter returned with 42 ships of French knights. They kept a strong garrison in
Montsorell Castle in Leicester on behalf of Prince Louis.
5/20/1216, Prince Louis crossed to England in 10 warships,
with 1200 knight and 900 troops. Louis quickly captured all the Cinque Ports
except Dover, held by Hubert de Burgh. Louis captured the town of Lincoln, but
not the castle.
6/2/1216, Prince Louis proclaimed King in London. (S) A
Primary History of Britain, Smith, 1873, P66.
6/1216, Robert fitz Walter sent a letter to William de
Albini about moving a tournament planned for Stamford to a location near
London.
6/14/1216, Prince Louis captured Winchester, and controlled
half of England.
7/1216, Robert fitz Walter 1 of 13 baronial leaders selected
to hold London until August 15th as Prince Louis’ custodians.
10/18/1216, King John died.
10/28/1216, Henry III, age 9, crowned king of England.
11/21/1216 at Hertford, William de Huntingfeld granted the village
of Grimsby, Lincolnshire by Prince Louis. Witnesses: Seiher de Quency, earl of
Winchester, Robert Fitz-Walter [Commander of the forces of the English barons.]
(S) Guide to the Manuscripts, Warner, 1906, P41.
1217, Louis returned to France to seek more support from his
father – who refused. [Louis’ claim was through Blanche’s mother, the only
surviving child of King Henry II. King John’s son Henry was only 10.]
5/20/1217, Robert captured by William Marshall at the battle
of Lincoln.
9/12/1217, For 10,000 marks and some land exchanges, Louis
forfeited his claim to the English crown by the treaty at Kingston-on-Thames.
The agreement also called for pardons for English barons in rebellion.
1218-19, Robert joined the 5th crusade; mostly
made up of forces from France, Hungary [forces returned home 2/1218] and
Germany.
6/1218, Robert participated at the Seige of Damietta, Egypt.
8/17/1218. The fortress protecting Damietta fell.
9/1218, The cursaders began the siege of Damietta.
11/1218, A storm halted progress of the siege and the
crusaders began winter preparations.
2/1219, The crusaders had completely isolated the city.
11/4/1219, The crusaders entered the city to find only 3000
of about 80000 remained, most of them sick.
7/1221, The crusaders made an unsuccessful attack on Cairo;
with many being captured.
By 1222, Returning from the crusade, Robert submitted to King
Henry III.
12/1223 at Northampton, Robert fitz Walter and Robert de Ros
with the earls of Essex, Norfolk and Hereford supported the King against John
de Lacy, the earl of Gloucester and the earl of Chester. [King Henry was
forcing the surrender of royal castles and sheriffdoms.]
12/29/1233, Robert received a gift of game from the king.
1224, Poitevin scutage payments received from the tenants of
Robert fitz Walter.
2/11/1225, Robert fitz Walter attested to the Carta de
Forestis and reissue of the Magna Carta of King Henry III.
1227, The honor of Mineli and Lantian [of the ancient barony
of Richard de Luci and fee of Adam Malherbe] held by Robert son of Walter and
Matilda de Luci. (S) Report and Transactions, Devonshire, V38, 1906, P346.
9/1227, Richard the king’s son and Roese his wife demand
against Robert Fitz Walter and Richard de Montfichet [grandsons of the
justiciar Richard de Lucy] … land in Lesnes, Kent, of which Roese de Dover
[daughter of Fulbert, granddaughter of Roese de Lucy], … (S) Transactions of
Essex, 1933.
3/1/1228, The king has committed the manor of Lesnes [co.
Kent] with appurtenances to Rose [de Dover, (9994835)], wife of Richard of Chilham
[illegimitate s/o King John] , which they recovered by a duel against Robert
fitz Walter. (S) FRsIII. [Judicial combat – trial by battle or duel – a means
of turning to God to settle a dispute for which man could not or would not
provide a verdict. Both parties had to agree to the duel before proceeding.]
1229, To Robert son of Walter. … (S) Calendar of the
Liberate Rolls, V1, 1916.
1230, Robert assigned to hold the assize of arms in Essex
and Hertfordshire.
1231-2, Grant by Richard prior and convent to Robert
son of Walter and his heirs of 8s. pa of quit rent. (S) Cartulary of Holy
Trinity Aldgate, 1971, P122.
4/12/1234, Grant to Robert son of Walter that … before his
death will make his will or assign others to make it, he shall have free power
an disposition … (S) CPRs.
4/30/1235, Grant to the church of St. John the Baptiat,
Haliwell … of the gift of Robert son of Walter, all the inclosed marsh in his
demesne of Bruham, … (S) CChRs.
12/9/1235, Robert, of Little Dunmow, Woodham Walter, Essex,
died.
[––Rohese––]
1236, Robert fitz Walter’s widow Rose allocated her dower.
(S) Studies in 13th Century Justice, Meekings, 1981, P4.
By 1256, Rohese died.
(S) Luton Church: Historical and Descriptive, Cobbe, 1898,
P515. (S) Magna Carta Ancestry, P344. (S) Reign of Kig John, Painter, 1949. (S)
Minority of Henry III, Carptenter, 1990.
Family notes:
·
Many of the stories surrounding these events
deal with King John’s desire for Matilda the Fair, d/o Robert, which “the king
unlawfully loved, but could not obtain.” For a more complete story see: (S) The
Argosy, V61, 1896, P119.
Child of Robert and Gunorra:
i. Christian Fitz Walter, born ~1210 in England.
Christian married William de Mandeville, s/o Geoffrey (d.1226-7.)
Christian married 2nd Reymund de Burgh (d.bef.7/17/1230.)
Bef. 5/25/1233, Christian died without children. [Her heirs
her brother and 3 granddaughters of Philip de Valoignes.]
Child of Robert and Rohese:
i. Walter Fitz Robert (30424598), born ~1219 in England.
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