23638788. King Alfonso IX of Leon &
23638789. Queen Berenguela of Castile
8/15/1171,
Alphonso born in Zamora, Spain, s/o 47277576. Ferdinand II of Leon.
1/1181,
Berenguela born in Burgos, Castile-Leon, Spain, d/o 47277578. King Alfonso
VIII & 47277579. Queen Eleanor Plantagenet.
1/22/1188,
Alfonso succeeded on the death of his father.
4/23/1188 by
treaty at Seligenstadt, Berenguela pledged to Konrad von Hohenstaufen, Duke of
Swabia, s/o Emperor Frederic Barbarossa.
6/1188, In
the church of San Zoilo de Carrion, in Toledo, Konrad was knighted by King
Alfonso VIII of Castile. Alfonso IX, King of Leon, was also knighted, returning
homage to King Alfonso VIII. Queen Eleanor was present at the ceremony. Alfonso
IX, to keep the peace, agreed to marry a daughter of Alfonso VIII.
1190,
Alfonso II of Aragon joined forces with Sancho VI of Navarre against Alfonso
VIII of Castile. [Alfonso IX of Leon supported the pact.]
[––Alfonso
& Tarasia––]
2/1191,
Alfonso 1st married Tarasia, d/o Sancho I of Portugal, in violation
of his agreement with Alfonso VIII.
1194,
Alfonso IX of Leon made peace with Alfonso VIII of Castile at the treaty of
Tordehumos.
1194,
Alfonso and Tarisia’s marriage annulled by the Pope [they were 1st
cousins, their 3 children illegitimate: Sancha, Fernando, Dulce.]
1195,
Tarisia returned to Portugal with her 2 younger children; Sancha remaining in
Leon.
8/15/1196, Konrad
murdered before they were married.
[––Alfonso
& Berenguela––]
12/1197,
Alphonso IX married 2nd Berenguela in Valladolid, Castile-Leon,
Spain. [1st cousins, once removed, the pope pronounced the marriage
to be null and excommunicated the principals.]
5/1204,
Berenguela returned to the court of her father, leaving her son Fernando with
his father.
6/20/1204,
Alphonso divorced Berenguela with the approval of the Pope. Berenguela returned
to Castile-leon with her infant sons Ferdinand and Alphonso. [The children were
later declared legitimate, and her dower lands were restored.]
1204, The
kings of Castile, Navarre, and Aragon entered in another peace agreement.
[––Alfonso––]
& [––Berenguela––]
3/26/1206,
By the Treaty of Cabreos, the marriage of Alphonso and Berenguela ended with
recognition of their son Fernando as Alfonso’s heir. Berenguela returned to the
court of her father in Castile with her sons, and an income of 8,000 maravedies
yearly.
1209,
Alfonso’s marriage to Berenguela annulled by the pope.
10/14/1209,
Berenguela’s brother Ferdinand, heir to Castile, died leaving her younger
brother Henry as heir. [Berenguela and the Archbishop of Toledo buried
Ferdinand at the monastery of St. Mary’s in Huelgas, Burgos.]
1211,
Alfonso IX defeated the forces of Alfonso II, king of Portugal, at Valdez.
[During the campaign, the Leonese seized border fortresses with Castile.]
1212,
Alphonso refused to join his father-in-law on crusade against the Almohads.
1212,
Berenguela in Castile wrote a letter to her sister Blanch in France telling of
their father’s victory over the Moors at the battle of Las Navas. (S) Epistole.
11/1212, The
kings of Castile, Leon, and Portugal signed a truce at Coimbra, agreeing to
cooperate against the Muslims.
1213,
Alfonso of Castile began the reconquest of Alcantara.
1214,
Alfonso’s son Fernando by Tarasia died.
8/1214,
Berenguela with her son Ferdinand and her parents made a trip to Portugal to
visit her sister Urraca, who was Queen.
10/6/1214, During
the trip Berenguela’s father died.
10/1214,
Berenguela in Castile to presided over the funeral of her father.
10/31/1214,
Berenguela’s mother died, leaving her as guardian of her 10 year old younger
brother and heir Enrique [Henry].
1215,
Alfonso granted Christian serfs the right to leave the estates of their lords
and could not be sold with the land. They were also allowed to marry without
their lord’s permission.
By 1216 in
Castile, Berenguela was acting as regent for her younger brother, Henry. The
former regent, Alvaro Nunez de Lara [Longoria Alcala], attempted to retain
control.
2/1216 in
Valladolid, Castile, a gathering of Castilian barons supported Berenguela as
regent against the Lara family interests.
5/1216,
Because of troubles in Castile, Berenguela took refuge in the castle of Autillo
in Palencia, and sent her son Fernando to his father in Leon.
8/15/1216, A
gathering of the barons of Castile was arranged to attempt to prevent a civil
war. [A general accord could not be reached.]
6/6/1217 in
Castile, Berenguela’s brother Enrique died in an accident. Withholding from
Alfonso IX the knowledge of the death, Berenguela arranged for her son Fernando
to come to her from Leon.
7/2/1217 at
Valladolid, Berenguela renounced her rights to the throne of Castile in favor
of her son Fernando.
1218, Pope
Honorius approved the Treaty of Cabreros making Berenguela’s son Fernando the
heir. [The Treaty removed canonical issues associated with succession.]
1218, By
invitation of the Lara family, Alfonso IX invaded Castile in an attempt to
overturn the selection, but was unsuccessful.
1218,
Berenguela sent emissaries headed by the bishop of Burgos to negotiate with
Frederick II the marriage of his cousing Beatriz with her son Fernando.
1218,
Alfonso recognized the University of Salamanca as the general school of the
kingdom.
8/26/1218,
Alfonso and Fernando, father and son, signed the pact of Toro, ending conflict
between Castile and Leon.
1219 in
Castile, Berenguela arranged for her son Fernando’s wedding.
11/27/1219
at Las Huelgas, Berenguela took part in the knighting of Fernando by unbuckling
his sword [the role of chivalric godparent.]
1220, A
peace agreement was arranged between Leon and Castile; and another between Leon
and Portugal.
1221,
Retuning to the reconquest, Alfonso IX took Valencia de Alcantara south of the
Tajo.
11/23/1221,
Berenguela was with her daughter-in-law Jeanne in Toledo where she gave birth
to a son Alfonso [X].
1222,
Alfonso began annual attacks on Caceres with little success.
1222 in Castle,
Berenguela ended the conflict with the Lara family with an agreement to marry
her son Alfonso to Mafalda, heiress and d/o the lord of Molina.
1224,
Alphonso, visited by Jean de Brienne, King of Jerusalem, offered daughter
Berengere as his bride.
1224,
Berenguela, mother of Berengere, accompanied the newlywed couple to Logrono
where they were given gifts and bid farwell.
1226,
Alfonso with Sancho II of Portugal failed to conquer the Portuguese city of
Elvas.
1227,
Alphonso won victories at Caceres and Merida against the Almohads, capturing
Caceres.
1229,
Alfonso captured the city of Alange against the Almohads of Ibn-Hud.
1230,
Alphonso won a victory at Badajoz against the Almohads; and reconquered Merida
by siege, which had been retaken by Almohads of Ibn-Hud.
9/24/1230,
Alphonso died in Sarria, Lugo, Spain, on his was to Santiago de Compostela to
give thanks for his victories.
[––Berenguela––]
12/11/1230,
at Benavente, Berenguela and son Fernando agreed to make lifetime payments to
the 2 daughters of Alphonso by his 1st marriage for them to set
aside their inheritance rights; uniting Leon and Castile.
1234, In a
letter, Thibaut, King of Navarre and count of Champagne, proposed a marriage of
his daughter Blanca, and Alfonso, the grandson of Berenguela “Queen of Castile
and Leon by the Grace God”.
4/30/1235,
The Inquisiton began in Spain by papal bull of Pope Gregory IX.
1237,
Berenguela involved in arranging the 2nd marriage of her son
Fernando to Jeanne de Dammartin [proposed by her sister Blance, Queen of
France.]
1242,
Berenguela received the monastery of Buenafuente as a gift of archbishop
Rodrigo.
1245,
Berenguela met with her son Fernando at Pozuelo de Calatrava.
11/8/1246,
Berenguela died in Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile-leon, Spain; buried with her
parents.
(S) Medieval
Iberia, Gerli, 2003. (S) The Cantar de Mio Cid, Duggan, 2008. (S) Berenguela of
Castile, Shadis, 2009. (S) Alfonso 10, The Learned, Marta-Nez, 2010.
Family notes:
·
Alfonso IX had 19 offspring by wives and
mistresses.
Children
of Alphonso and Berenguela:
i. Fernando III of Castile (11819394), born
8/5/1199 in Castile.
ii. Berengere of Castile-Leon (23640737), born 1204
in Castile.
