11819394. King Fernando III of Castile &
11819395. Queen Jeanne de Dammartin
8/5/1199,
Fernando born in Salmanca, Spain, at the monastery of Valparaíso, s/o 23638788.
Alphonso IX of Leon & 23638789. Berenguela of Castile.
1204,
Fernando’s parents divorced. Berenguela took her sons, Fernando and Alphonso,
back to Castile.
12/8/1204,
Alfonso VIII of Castile [father of Berenguela] wrote his will naming his son
Fernando as his successor; and leaving multiple castles to his grandson
Fernando.
3/26/1206,
By the Treaty of Cabreos, the marriage of Alphonso IX and Berenguela ended with
recognition of their son Fernando as Alfonso’s heir. Berenguela returned to the
court of her father in Castile with her sons.
10/14/1211,
Ferdinand [uncle of Fernando III], heir to Castile, and younger brother of
Berenguela died leaving his younger brother Henry as heir.
8/1214,
Fernando, with his mother and maternal grandparents made a trip to Portugal to
visit his aunt who was Queen. During the trip his grandfather died, leaving his
10 year old uncle Enrique [Henry] as heir.
1215, By
decree of the 4th Lateran Council of the church, Muslims and Jews were required
to wear distinctive dress, a yellow badge for Muslims, and a 6-pointed star for
Jews. Jamie I of Aragon and Fernand III both refused to enforce the ruling.
6/1217,
Berenguela, upon hearing of her younger brother’s death, sent for her son
Fernando [without informing Fernando’s father of the death.]
7/2/1217 at
Valladoloid, Fernando became King of Castile as his mother renounced her claim
to the throne.
1218, Pope
Honorius approved the Treaty of Cabreros making Fernando the heir. [The Treaty
removed canonical issues associated with succession.]
8/26/1218,
Alfonso and Fernando, father and son, signed the pact of Toro, ending conflict
bewteen Castile and Leon.
1219, Jeanne
born in Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne, France, d/o 23638790.
Count Simon II de Dammartin of Aumale & 23638791. Marie de Ponthieu.
[––Ferdinand
& Elizabeth––]
11/30/1219,
Ferdinand married Elizabeth of Hohenstaufen (1203–1235), daughter of the German
King Philip of Swabia and Irene Angelina, sister of the emperor of Byzantium.
7/20/1221,
Fernando founded the cathedral at Burgos.
11/23/1221,
Fernando, heading south to crush the rebellion of lord de Molina, left Jeanne
in Toledo when she went in childbirth with son Alfonso.
3/21/1222 at
Burgos, Fernando assembled the heads of his cities to vow fidelity to his son
Alfonso.
1224,
Fernando III made an alliance with Muslim governor of Baeza.
1224,
Fernando captured Quesada.
1225,
Fernanado invaded the territory of Cordoba.
1230,
Fernando failed in an attempt to conquer the Moorish city of Jaén.
9/24/1230,
Fernando became King of Leon on the death of his father [although contested by
his half-siblings.]
10/7/1230,
By the Treaty of Cabreos, Fernando succeeded to the throne of Leon.
12/11/1230,
at Benavente, Berenguela and son Fernando agreed to make lifetime payments to
the 2 daughters of Alphonso by his 1st marriage for them to set
aside their inheritance rights; uniting Leon and Castile.
1231,
Fernando permanently united Castile and Leon, which had been separated in 1157.
1231, Jamie
I of Aragon got Sancho VII of Navarre, having no heirs, to name Jamie as his
heir, and agreed to aid each other against Fernando III.
1233,
Fernando, fighting the Moors, captured the town of Úbeda.
9/10/1234,
Fernando received a letter from King Henry III of England: To F. king of
Castile and Toledo, Leon and Galicia. The king returns him abundant thants for
informing him of his great ship which is detained at Corunna and of his good
pleasure that the ship, with the goods and merchandise be restored to him. (S)
CPRs.
10/31/1234,
Fernando arranged for his son Alfonso to marry Blanca, heiress and d/o Teobaldo
I of Navarra [Thibaut IV, Count of Champagne, who had just inherited Navarre].
The agreement stated that a child born from the union would one day rule both
kingdoms.
1235,
Fernando made a grant to the Order of Santiago as a reward for their military
aid.
11/5/1235,
Elizabeth [Beatriz in Spain] died; buried at the Monasterio de las Huelgas near
the grave of Enrique I. [1281, Alfonso X had her remains moved to Seville and
buried next to his father.]
1235,
Jeanne’s father proposed her in marriage to King Henry III of England.
6/29/1236,
Fernando, fighting the Moors and after a siege of several months, captured the
town of Córdoba [in Andalusia] on the Guadalquivir river. Córdoba had been the
capital of Moorish Spain since the 8th century. The inhabitants were
allowed to leave taking only what they could carry. [Medina, the center part of
Cordoba, fell last.]
1236, King
Ferdinand adopted the “liber Ludiciorum” code as law; governing family life and
safeguarding the rights of women and children. In Castilian for it was called
“Fuero Juzgo.”
1237,
Through Pope Gregory IX, and after disagreements about the marriage arraignment
of their children, Fernando and Teobaldo I of Navarra made a peace agreement.
[––Ferdinand
& Jeanne––]
Bef. 8/1237,
Fernando 2nd contracted to marry Jeanne [2nd cousins one
removed.]
11/1237 at
Burgos, Fernando married Jeanne [Juana of Ponthieu].
8/7/1237,
King Henry III gave licence for 5 years to the men of St. Sebastian to come in
safety to England at the instance of “the king’s kinsman the king of Castile
and Toledo” [Fernando’s paternal grandmother was the sister of King Henry’s
father].
1238, The
Emir of Granada did homage to Ferdinand for Andalusia, Granada and Murcia.
[Granada would not fall to Christians until 1492.]
1238, A “monstrous and inhuman race of men”, with a
leader called Khan, began to overun far eastern Europe.
1239,
Fernando made a grant to the Order of Santiago as a reward for their military
aid.
1239, On the
death of Jeanne’s father, Fernando became the Count of Aumale in right of his
wife.
3/10/1241,
Ferdinand established 7 outposts to define the boundary of Cordoba.
1241,
Fernando asked the Great Master of Santiago to create a strategic division
between the kingdoms of Murcia and Granada to avoid their collaboration in
battle.
1242,
Fernando named his son Alfonso as the royal standardbearer, responsible for the
reconquista of Muslim territories.
2/6/1243,
King Henry III of England in Bordeaux, France wrote to Ferdinand, king of
Castile, and the queen of Castile, requesting permission to withdraw from his
land six destriers [large horses] for his use. (S) CPRs.
3/1243, The
emir of Murcia sent his son to Toledo to seek Fernando’s protection from his
Muslim enemies.
1243,
Fernando occupied Murcia. [The truce his father had made with the emir of
Granada was about to expire and this occupation gave him funding and defensive
fortresses except Cartagena, Mula and Lorca. Fernando guaranteed the continuity
of the Islamic social and economic system.]
4/1244, With
son Alfonso leading the forces, Mula and Lorca fell.
1244,
Fernando established a permanent border with the kingdom of Aragon by the
treaty of Almizra with James I of Aragon.
1246,
Fernando, fighting the Moors, captured the town of Jaén after a year-long
siege.
8/1247,
Fernando, fighting the Moors, besieged Seville with the help of the Emir of
Granada. [The siege would last 16 months.]
12/22/1248,
Fernando, with support of the Castilian navy of Ramón Binifaz, captured the
town of Seville, forcing 300,000 Muslims to leave. [The Moors had controlled
Seville for 536 years.]
12/1/1249 at
Valldolid, Queen Juana attended the wedding of his son Alfonso. [Fernando was
still in Seville.]
1251, On the
death of Jeanne’s mother, she succeeded to her lands in Ponthieu and
Montgomerie.
5/30/1252,
Fernando, “the Saint”, died in Spain.
[––Jeanne––]
6/1/1252,
Fernando buried in front of the alter of the church of Santa Maria of Seville
in the presence of all of his children, except the archbishop of Toledo.
1252, Jeanne
[Domina Johannes Baptista] installed a window [or pair] in Mont-Saint-Michel,
Chartres, dedicated to Fernando. (S) Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres, Adams,
2007, P131.
8/1/1253,
King Henry III of England empowered W. bishop of Bath and others to investigate
a marriage between Edward, the king’s eldest son, and Eleanor, sister of A.
king of Castile, with a dower of 1,000 marks a year. (S) CPRs.
1254, Jeanne
returned to France with her eldest son.
7/18/1254,
Safe-conduct for Ferrand de Ponitbus, son of Ferdinand sometime king of Castile
and Leon, and Joan, queen of Castile and Leon to pass through Gascony in going
from Spain to Pons. (S) CPRs.
9/9/1254,
Bond by the king [Henry III], E. the king’s eldest son, … to Joan, queen of
Castile and Leon, in 2000 marks, … (S) CPRs.
1255, Jeanne
supported in the unsuccessful rebellion of her step-son Enrique [Henry];
defeated by his brother Alfonso X at the battle of Lebrija.
11/5/1258,
Grant, at the instance of Joan, queen of Castile and countess of Ponthieu, to
her merchants of Abbevyle and the whole county of Ponthieu, … (S) CPRs.
5/1260-2/9/1261,
Jeanne married 2nd Jean de Mesle, Seigneur de Falvy et de La
Hérelle.
12/18/1262,
Pardon, at the instance of Joan, queen of Castile and countess of Ponthieu, …
(S) CPRs.
1263, Jeanne
became countess of Aumale in the death of a cousin.
1273-79,
Jeanne raised her granddaughter, Joan of Acre, in Ponthieu, France.
3/15/1279,
Jeanne died in Abbeville, Somme, France.
(S)
González, Julio. Reinado y Diplomas de Fernando III, i: Estudio. 1980. (S) A
History of Medieval Spain, O’Callaghan, 1983. (S) Alfonso 10, The Learned,
Marta-Nez, 2010.
Family
notes:
·
Fernando made a request to the pope to end the
practice of requiring Jews to wear special markings on their clothes.
Children
of Fernando and Elizabeth:
i. Alphonse X, born 11/23/1221 in Castile, Spain.
Alphonse
known as a patron of Muslim scholars.
1246,
Alphonse, fighting the Moors, captured the town of Cadiz.
12/1/1249,
Alphonse married Violante, d/o 23638794. King James I of Aragon & 23638795.
Yolande of Hungary.
1252,
Alfonso became king on the death of his father.
1253-54,
Alfonso fought with King Henry III over rights to Portugal.
8/29/1254 at
Bordeaux, France, Mandate … as it was provided by the peace between the king
[Henry III] and the King of Castile, that all prisoners taken in this war of
the king in Gascony should be released on both sides. (S) CPRs.
1257,
Alfonso elected King of the Germans [as was Richard, s/o King John of England,
who was crowned by the pope.]
1276, French
invasion of Castile.
1282,
Alfonso deposed.
4/4/1284,
Alfonso died.
Children
of Fernando and Jeanne:
i. Queen Leonor [Eleanor] of Castile (5909697),
born 1241 in Castile.
