92346. Duke Thomas Howard & 92347. Countess
Elizabeth Tilney & 475358. Sir Humphrey Bourchier
~1440, Humphrey Bourgchier born in England, s/o 950716. Lord John Bourchier & 950717.
Marjorie Berners.
1442, Elizabeth born in England, d/o 184694. Sir Frederick Tilney & 184695. Elizabeth Cheney.
1443, Thomas born in Stoke Neyland, Suffolk, England, s/o 184692. John Howard & 184693. Catherine
de Moleyns.
2/21/1447, John Say given wardship and marriage of his
step-daughter Elizabeth.
[––Elizabeth &
Humphrey––]
4/11/1451, “Indenture, marriage settlement. 1) John
Bourgchier, kt. 2) John Say esqs. Laurence Cheyne esqs. Humfrey, s. of (1) to
espouse Eliz., d. of Frederyk Tylney, esq., "that is to God passed",
she being ward of J.S., before next All Saints. … If Humfrey die before Eliz.
14 yrs., she is to marry next son, or in default to be returned unmarried with
any property. …” (S) UKNA.
8/1453, King Henry VI had a mental breakdown. [Richard, Duke
of York, appointed Protector of the Realm. This event soon led to the War of
the Roses.]
1460, Schedule of recognizances made by John Neville, of
Middleham, knight, and his mainpernors ...; Margaret of Anjou, Queen of
England; ...; Humphrey Bourghchier of Cheshunt [Hertfordshire], esquire; ...;
Richard Fenys of Herstmonceux, knight; ... (S) UKNA.
7/10/1460, Battle of Northampton, a Yorkist victory. [King
Henry VI captured.]
10/19/1460, Grant by Alice Blogwyn, ..., to Humphrey
Bourgchier, William Husee, ..., esquires, ..., of all the lands, etc. in Upton
[Northamptonshire.] (S) UKNA.
2/12/1461, Humphrey left London with the Earl of Warwick and
8000 men and the king as Warwick’s prisoner.
2/17/1461, Humphrey at the 2nd battle of St. Albans,
Hertfordshire. (S) The Wars of the Roses, Neillads, 1993, P102.
2/17/1461, 2nd battle of St. Albans, Hertfordshire – a
Lancastrian victory. King Henry VI was rescued at the battle. The Earl of
Warwick led the Yorkists who reached St. Albans first and fortified the city,
but spread his forces too thin. In an unusual maneuver the Lancastrians flanked
the Yorkist forces giving them superior numbers against the defenders in the
early parts of the battle. The battle lasted most of the day as the
Lancastrians advanced through the town. Warwick withdrew with a force of about
4000 and nightfall.
3/29/1461, The battle of Towton in Yorkshire, a Yorkist
victory. This battle was the largest and bloodiest fought on British soil. As
many as 28,000 died at the battle between Towton and Saxton in Yorkshire.
Yorkist forces, with a wind at their back in a blinding snow storm giving their
archers and spearmen a significant advantage. [King Henry and Queen Margaret
fled to Scotland. King Henry had another breakdown, and Queen Margaret led the
Lancastrian resistance.]
6/28/1461, Edward IV crowned at Westminster, beginning the
House of York.
Aft. 1466, Elizabeth the Lady of the Bedchamber of the
Queen’s daughter, Princess Elizabeth.
10/1470, Thomas, Treasurer of the household of Edward IV,
fled to Colchester when Henry VI was briefly restored to the throne. (S) The
Wars of the Roses, Weir, 1995, P376.
10/2/1470, Will of Dame Jane Neville, widow ... to my
brother Sir Humphrey Bourgchier, Kt., a ring of gold with a floure de lis of
rubies. ... (S) Warwick Castles and its Earls, 1903, P833.
10/3/1470, Henry VI regained the throne of England.
10/16/1470, Lady Margerie Berners proved the will of her
daughter Jane.
4/14/1471, Humphrey Bourchier, a Yorkist, slain at Barnet
Field, a battle lasting about 3 hours, in which about 1500 were killed.
Humphrey buried at Wesminster Abbey.
Thomas Howard was “sore hurt” fighting on the Yorkist side for Edward
IV. (S) The Wars of the Roses, Weir, 1995, P398. [Humphrey buried in the Chapel
of St. Edmund, Westminster Abbey, dying before his father.]
[––Elizabeth––]
5/11/1471, Edward IV regained the crown after the Battle of
Tewkesbury. [King Henry’s son and heir was killed.]
1471, Thomas went to France in support of Charles, Duke of
Burgundy. [Thomas returned to England in 1472.]
2/28/1472, Elizabeth wrote a will: “I Elizabeth, daughter
and heir of Frederick Tilney, son and heir of Philip Tylney, sometime Canon and
Residentiary of Lincoln, late wife of Humphrey Bourgchier, Knt. son and heir of
John Bourgchier, Lord Berners, Knight, in pure widowhood ... All my manors ...
Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Lincoln, York and Stafford, to my use to
perform my will. ... reversion of the feoffs ... to Margaret and Anne, my
daughters, £100
each.” (S) Testamenta Vetusta, Nicolas, 1826, P483. [Since son John is not
mentioned, she must have been pregnant – which would justify writing her will.]
4/1472, Thomas, Esquire of the Body of Edward IV.
4/1472, Elizabeth, joint godmother to Princess Margaret
Tudor. [Died an infant.]
[––Elizabeth &
Thomas––]
4/30/1472, Thomas married Elizabeth.
5/8/1472, Elizabeth wrote another will: “Dame Elizabeth
Howard, daughter and heir of Frederick Tilney, and now wife of Thomas Howard,
son and heir of John, Lord Howard, … I will that John Bourghchier, my son, die
without issue during my and my husband’s life, then Margaret and Anne to have
none of the £100
given in my other will”. [There is a 3rd will of 1506 attributed to
her, but this was actually the will of Elizabeth Talbot, widow of Duke of
Norfolk.]
6/1475, Thomas led 6 men-at-arms and 200 archers to join the
king's army in France.
1476, Thomas made Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk.
4/26/1477, Thomas Falstolf esquire, … of Nacton co. Suffolk,
…, to John lord Howard, Thomas Howard esquire, … Release and quitclaim of all
his rights in the manor of Oulton … (S) CCRs.
1/18/1478, Thomas knighted by King Edward IV at the marriage
of the king’s son, the Duke of York to Lady Anne Mowbray.
5/13/1481, Thomas Howard, sheriff of Norfolk. (S) CCRs.
1/20/1483, Thomas Howard and William Knyvet represented
Norfolk at parliament. (S) Parliament Rolls, 2005.
4/9/1483, King Edward IV died; succeded by his 12 year old
son Edward V.
5/24/1483, Henry Chycheley the younger, to … Thomas Howard
knight, … Release and quitclaim … of a manor called 'Codenham halle' [Suffolk]
… (S) CCRs.
By 6/1483, Edward V and his younger brother were “put to
silence in the Tower of London.” (S) Entry by Robert Ricart, Recorder of
Bristol.
7/6/1483, Richard III [brother of Edward IV] became King of
England, deposing Edward V. Thomas carried the Sword of State at the
coronation.
1483, Thomas created Earl of Surrey, invested as a Knight of
the Garter, and appointed Lord Steward of the Household.
8/22/1485, Thomas fought [with his father] on the losing
side at Bosworth against Henry VII. [His father was killed, he was take
prisoner, attained, and taken to the Tower in London.]
10/30/1485, King Henry VII crowned King of England.
12/6/1485, Giovanni de Giglis, Collector of Peter's Pence in
England, to Pope Innocent VIII. … ‘The
Earl of Northumberland (Henry Percy), who was captured and imprisoned, has been
set at liberty, but on security … The Earl of Surrey (Thomas Howard), is still
under arrest, but De Giglis hears he will be released. (S) Cal. of State Papers
of Venice, V1, 1864.
6/1487, Thomas refused a chance to escape from the Tower,
which was noted by King Henry VII.
1/1488, Thomas released from the Tower when he agreed to
command against the Scots. He was restored as Earl of Surrey.
5/1488, Thomas was sent to put down a taxation rebellion in
Yorkshire. [They had slain Henry Percy, earl of Northumberland – Thomas had the
leader executed.]
11/1489, Elizabeth, joint godmother to Princess Margaret
Tudor.
1490, Thomas’ Knight of the Garter status restored.
1492, Thomas suppressed a rebellion at Acworth in Wales.
10/1495 at Parliament at Westminster. … by an indenture made
with the assent of our sovereign lord the king, between the excellent princess
Elizabeth, queen of England and France, and Thomas, earl of Surrey, that a
marriage be made and solemnised between Thomas, Lord Howard, son and heir
apparent of the said earl, and Anne, sister of the said queen, which marriage
is now made and solemnised; and that the said earl, … should have for term of
his life £120 yearly … with a proviso … that if Elizabeth, now duchess of
Norfolk, or the said Anne, now wife to the same Thomas, Lord Howard, dies, that
thenceforth the said annuity should cease. (S) Parliament Rolls, 2005.
4/4/1497, Elizabeth died; buried at the Minoresses Convent,
Aldgate, London.
[––Thomas––]
1497, Thomas invaded Scotland after James IV had laid siege
to Norham castle. Thomas challenged the Scot king to battle, but eventually had
to retreat due to weather.
6/25/1501, Thomas confirmed as Lord Treasurer and made a
member of the Privy Council.
1501, Thomas sent to arrange the marriage terms of Henry
VII’s daughter Margaret to James IV of Scotland.
Thomas married 2nd Agnes Tilney, cousin of
Elizabeth, gd/o Hugh Tilney of Boston, brother of Elizabeth’s father Frederick.
1503, Thomas escorted Princess
Margaret to Edinburgh, Scotland.
10/1508, Thomas sent to Antwerp to
negotiate the marriage of Henry VII’s daughter Mary with the Prince of Castile.
3/1509, Thomas on a commission to
conclude a treaty with France.
4/1509, Thomas an executor of King Henry VII’s will.
6/24/1509, Henry VIII crowned King of England.
7/10/1510, Grant. Thomas Howard earl of Surrey, Treasurer of
England. To be, for life, Earl Marshal of England, …, and bear a golden staff
(described); also grant of £20 a year from the Hanape … by the
King's special command. (S) L&Ps, F&D, Henry VIII, V1, 1920.
7/3/1511 at Valladolid, Aragon. Treaty made by Lewis Carroz,
commissioner for Ferdinand king of Aragon, and Johanna queen of Castile, Thomas
[Howard] Earl of Surrey, treasurer and marshal of England, and George [Talbot]
Earl of Shrewsbury, steward to the Household, on part of Hen. VIII. … The two
kings to attack France in Acquitaine … Both kings to keep the sea from "le
Trade" to the mouth of the Thames. … All lands in Acquitaine to be
delivered to the King of England. … [Signed by King Henry on 11/17/1511.]
9/1512, Thomas, at odds with [future Cardinal] Thomas
Wosley, left the Court of Henry VIII.
9/9/1513, Henry VIII went to France about his claim to the
French throne. While he was gone King James of Scotland invaded with 30,000
men. At the battle of Flodden Field, Northumberland, English longbow versus
Scottish spear, Thomas, as Lieutenant General of the North, repulsed the attack
with 20,000, killing over 10,000 Scots and the king. [The last great battle won
by the longbow.]
2/1/1514, Thomas, 70 years old, reacquired his father’s
title of Duke of Norfolk, and restored as Earl Marshall.
11/16/1515, Thomas one of the escorts of Thomas Wosley as he
was inducted as a Cardinal at Westminster.
2/1516, Elizabeth was godmother to Princess Mary [future
Queen “Bloody Mary”.]
5/1517, Thomas suppressed a riot in London known as “Evil
May Day”.
1520-21, Thomas served as Guardian of the Realm while King
Henry returned to France.
5/2/1521, Surrender by Thomas Howard, knt., Earl of Surrey,
to Hen. VIII., of the manor of Evyndon, which the King by letters patent dated
at Westminster, 22 Nov., 2 Henry VIII., granted to the Earl's late wife Anne,
one of the daughters of Edward IV., and her children; on account of the decease
of whom and of her issue the said manor has descended to the Earl for his life
with reversion to the King.
5/1521, While acting as Lord High Steward, Thomas was
compelled to put his friend Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham,
to death on charges of treason.
5/1522, Thomas sent as an ambassador to Holy Roman Emperor,
Carlos V.
4/1523, Thomas attended parliament [but he had resigned as Treasurer.]
5/21/1524, Thomas died at Castle Framlingham, Norfolk.
6/26/1524, Thomas buried at Thetford Priory, Norfolk.
(S) Fifty Ancestors of Henry Lincoln Clapp, 1902, P73. (S)
UKNA, East Susses Record Office, DAN. (S) The Hist. of Long Melford, Parker,
1873, P68. (S) Visitation of Norfolk.
Family notes:
·
(S)
Westminster Abbey inscription [Latin] for Sir Humphrey Bourchier: “Behold lying
here the warrior at Barnet, ... Humphrey Bourgchier, sprung from the glorious
line of King Edward, called the Third, the son and heir of John, Lord Berners.
And lo, Edward the Fourth has the triumph in the battle, in which Humphrey dies
a true servant of the king. He was an attendant at the table of the king's wife
Elizabeth; ...". [The coats of arms include those of Bourgchier, Louvain,
Berners, Tilney and Thorpe.]
·
Humphrey Bourgchier, knight, Lord Cromewell [1456–59,
Chamberlain to the King], and his wife Johanna, heiress & d/o Ralph
Cromwell, a cousin of this Humphrey, buried in the same chapel, who also died
at the Battle of Barnet [no heirs.]
Children of
Humphrey and Elizabeth:
i. Anne Bouchier (237679), born 1470 in England.
ii. Sir John Bouchier, born 1472 in England.
6/27/1476, Grant to the king’s kinsman Thomas, cardinal
archbishop of Canterbury, and Thomas Bourgchier, esquire [uncle of John] of the
custody of all manors ... late of John Bourgchier of Berners, knight, and
Majory his wife, ... and marriage of John son and heir of Humphrey Bourgchier,
knight, their [grand]son and heir ... (S) CPRs.
John married Katherine Howard, half-sister of Thomas, his
step-father.
6/1520, John attended the famous “Field of Cloth of Gold” in
France.
John Bouchier knight, lorde Berner, first “Translated lute
of Frenche into oure maternall Englysshe tongue” the interesting Chronicl of
Syr John Froyssart. (S) A Dictionary of Printers and Printing, Timperely, 1839,
P298.
Children of Thomas
and Elizabeth:
i. Thomas Howard, born 1473 in England.
2/4/1495, Thomas
married Lady Anne, 3rd daughter of King Edward IV.
11/23/1511, Anne died of consumption.
1513, Thomas married Elizabeth, d/o Edward Stafford, Duke of
Buckingham & Elinor Percy.
2/1/1514, Thomas created 2nd Earl of Surrey.
5/2/1521, Surrender by Thomas Howard, knt., Earl of Surrey,
to Hen. VIII., of the manor of Evyndon, which the King … granted to the Earl's
late wife Anne, one of the daughters of Edward IV., and her children; on
account of the decease of whom and of her issue the said manor has descended to
the Earl for his life. (S) Ancient Deeds, V1, 1890, A.1402.
5/21/1524, Thomas became 3rd Duke of Norfolk on
his father’s death.
8/25/1554, Thomas died at Kenninghall, Norfolk.
ii. Elizabeth Howard, born ? in England.
Elizabeth married Sir Thomas Boleyn.
Children: Anne Boleyn. Anne 2nd wife of King
Henry VIII. Anne mother of Queen Elizabeth I.
iii. Muriel Howard (46173), born 1486 in England.
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